DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Okay guys, In Indonesian Language Lesson you have studied about “direct and indirect speech”. And I’m sure you can understand that.

Noooo! I don't mean like that! 

I mean 

®    Direct Speech refers to reproducing another person’s exact words or saying exactly what someone has said (sometimes called quoted speech).

®    Direct speech is showed by quotation marks (“….”) and it should be word for word.

®    Direct speech is divided into two kinds

-      Reporting verb/reporting sentence : kata kerja yang mnelaporkan

-      Reported words/reported speech : kata-kata yang dilaporkan

®    In making Direct Speech you should pay attention to the things below :

Note !

-      Reporting verb and reported words are apart with comma (,)

-      Reporting words is written with quotation marks (“”)

-      Reporting verb can be at first sentence or last sentence

®    Indirect speech  (sometimes called reported speech) refers to reproducing the idea of another person’s words that doesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word.

®    The tense usually changes when reporting speech. This is because we are usually talking about a time in the past and obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past.

®    ®    Time signal in indirect speech

Direct speech	Indirect speech
Now Today/tonight Yesterday Tomorrow Last week Next week Ago	Then That day/that night The day before/the previous day The next/following day The previous week The following week/the week after Before

®    Pronouns

Direct speech	Indirect speech
This/these Here Pronouns	That/those There They change according to the context

®    Sometimes we need to report someone’s questions. The reported question are introduced with the verb ask, inquire, wonder, want to know, etc.

Type	Form	Examples
Yes-No questions	Ask                    +  if/whether  +  subject  +  verb Wonder etc.	“Do you speak English?” - He wondered if I spoke English.
Wh-questions	Ask                    +  question word + subject +  verb Wonder etc.	“What are you watching?” - She asked what I am watching.

®    There are 3 kinds of indirect speech :

1. Imperrative (command/request)

2. interrogative (question)

3. Declarative (statement)

®    Example :
1. Imperrative (command / request)
Direct : Mrs. Rika said to Dina, "Don't worry about it."
Indirect : Mrs. Rika told Dina not to worry about it.

2. Interrogative (question)
Direct : Risa asked to Nico, "Are you a journalist?"
Indirect : Risa asked if / whether He was journalist.

3. Declarative (statement)
Direct : Mr. Dion said, "I worked hard yesterday."
Indirect : Mr. Dion said that he worked hard the day before

®    In command sentences, direct speech can changed to indirect speech with change "Said" to be "Ordered", "Told", and "Forbade".

Example :
1. Direct : Hamid said, "Open the door!"
Indirect : Hamid ordered to open the door.

2. Direct : Hamid said, "Dul, come here!"
Indirect : Hamid told Dul to come there.

3. Direct : Hamid said to Andi, "Do not disturb me!"
Indirect : Hamid forbade Andi to disturb him.